Saturday, April 28, 2012

"Disneyland will never be completed. It will continue to grow as long as there is imagination left in the world."-Walt Disney

(Map of the landforms throughout the lands of Disney)
Disneyland is made up of eight different lands and each land is different from the other.  These lands are all made up of different landforms, from the jungles of Africa and Asia to the mountains of Utah and the Alps. The three mountains that can be found inside Disneyland are Big Thunder Mountain, Matterhorn Mountain, and Splash Mountain. The mountains are all found on different plates and are each made up of different materials like gneiss or sandstone.  These mountains spent thousands to millions of years growing, but have all started weathering and eroding at their own paces.  The Rivers of America and river in Splash Mountain will change as time goes on and helped carved out the land we see today making Disneyland a fluvial landscape. 

(Matterhorn is eroding away from water evaporation of a nearby body of water was carried to the mountain top where it was released as snow and when it melts it runs of into the mountain side where a river has formed into a waterfall.  It runs over the bedrock causing erosion to happen slowly reaching downstream where it occurred rapidly.)
Matterhorn was created by the plates of Fantasyland and Tomorrowland and when these two lands converged against one another forming a Fold Mountain made of gneiss. When the plates hit they wrinkled lifting the mountain to the surface causing the folds.  In 10 years the waterfall carve deeper into the mountain side carrying more of the sediment way.  In 100 years the top will also start to recede away as more snow falls into the top and melts carrying the tops sediment down the river.  In 1000 years the mountain will decrease in size by a few inches as the top erodes, and the waterfall will be a little bigger as is continues to carve into the side.
(At one point this area was a plateau until streams weathered over the rock creating fins.  Water seeped into the fins and froze during the night causing the ice to expand and fracture the rocks.  The structure erodes away creating the tower like formations call hoodoos.)
Located in Frontierland, Big Thunder Mountain Railroad was originally formed from layers of iron-rich sandstone, shale, and conglomerates deposited in layers making this originally a plateau. 10 years from now the hoodoos will hardly have any noticeable changes as they weather away.  However in 100 years the structure will start to thin and some may start to fall over if the thinner areas continue to erode faster than the bigger areas.  The biggest changes will happen in 1000 years when the fins get bigger the hoodoos will start to break apart from the bottom and some of the bigger ones will start to fall.
(Left: The top of the mountain was broken off by the pressure roots from the breaking off rocks when it was alive. The waterfall was formed from the river that flows throughout the area.  Right: The river is a perennial flow and carries bedload with large clasts inside helping shape the river.)
The final mountain is in Critter Country where Splash Mountain was formed by blocks of rock materials slide along faults causing a fault mountain formed by large areas of bedrock widely broken up by faults creating large vertical displacements in the continental crust. 10 years from now the waterfall and river will continue to carve deeper into the mountain.  100 years from now the shape of the river will change from point bars and cut banks defining it into an s-shape.  1000 the river will cut into the valley making its flood plain larger as the waterfall digs deeper and widens into the mountain.   
(Rivers of America is a perennial flow carrying a suspended load)
The major river in Disney is the Rivers of America a mature river which is less steep than youthful rivers and flows more slowly and is fed by many tributaries. The channels erode wider rather than deeper. In ten years Rivers of America will not have any major changes except for a little bit more erosion on the sides.  In 100 years this river will have expanded a few more inches causing some trees to fall in when the land erodes away. In 1000 this river will become an old river with a low gradient and low erosive energy.
Here You Leave Today and Enter the World of Yesterday, Tomorrow, and Fantasy

Photo Courtesies (in order):                                                                                                                  

Monday, April 9, 2012

World Famous Jungle Cruise

Within Adventureland sits a tropical rainforest full of exotic animals and beautiful weather.

(The fog’s a type of low-lying stratus cloud formed when  water vapor condenses into the air as tiny liquid water droplets.)
During the mornings fog lifts above the water.  This particular fog is known as stream and is formed from cold air moving over the warm water of the river.  Evaporation from the exposed water is absorbed by the air re-condenses into visible fog.   Wind convergence into an upward motion causing the fog to lift from the surface of the water.

  (This rainbow effect within the rain is formed  when sunlight shines from behind the water at a low altitude angle.)
Rain falls when the amount of moisture in air is the percentage of the total water vapor air can hold.  At a particular air temperature it becomes saturated and forms into a cloud.  Precipitation forms from the collision of rain drops within a cloud.  The droplets keep growing until they reach a mass where they are heavy enough to overcome the force of the wind, and can't stay in the cloud they fall down as rain.

 
(A monocline is step-like fold in rock strata sits on the overhang reacted from the earlier extensional faults lower on the rock formation.)
This zeugen rock sits within the river forming by the processing of erosion and weathering.  Originally flat areas of hard rock are overlying soft rock are caused by wind erosion concentrates a few feet over the ground.  This is also a similar rock pattern that causes waterfalls like Schweitzer Falls on top pf the formation.  Wind speeds increase with height narrowing out the zeugen closer to the bottom.  Chemical weathering at the base is due to the water of the river moving away pieces of the sediment.

The talus cave (which has now become the lion’s den) was formed from the opening between the rocks that fell into a pile.  Caused from chemical and physical weathering and erosion moving the sediment off the cliff the rocks hung from.  Water from the rains can flow into the joints of the cliff and disconnect them from the rock wall.


Tours Departing Daily:
Photo Courtesies (in order):              


Sunday, March 4, 2012

Welcome to Big Thunder: the Biggest Little Boom Town in the West

(Thunder Mountain’s inspired by Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah (left), Walt Disney Imagineering's Senior Vice President of Creative Development, Tony Baxter (right), designed the ride in the 1970s)

(The hoodoos reddish color is from a mixture of limonite, iron and magnesium oxide)
Located in Frontierland, Big Thunder Mountain Railroad was formed from layers of iron-rich sandstone, shale, and conglomerates deposited in layers.  At one point this area was a plateau until streams weathered over the rock creating fins.  Water seeped into the fins and froze during the night causing the ice to expand and fracture the rocks.  The structure erodes away creating the tower like formations call hoodoos.
Within the mountain sits a section called Dinosaur Gap which holds the skeletal remains of a T-Rex.  Millions of years ago after this particular dinosaur died it was quickly buried by sediment encasing the remains.  When particles were washed away from weathering with the desiccation of the rock half the skeleton became visible.
 (Geothermal heated water rising to the surface by convection through porous and fractured rocks)
Geysers sit just beyond Dinosaur Gap ejecting water up into the air. Generally on fault lines geysers have to build up pressure before an eruption happens.  Heat is needed for the geyser came from magma near the earth’s surface.  Pressure and heat brings the water to the boiling point where it travels through an underground “plumbing system” made up of deep pressurized fissures in the crust.
(Miners created the cave sitting near the fall with dynamite then placed a railroad inside)
This small tiered waterfall was formed from the streams that carved out the surfaces of Thunder Mountain.  The water dropped over multiple vertical tiers shaped from the movement of small sediment particles downstream.  This water holds organic acid forming moss that is eating away at the rocks it splashed onto.
The waterfall enters into a huge lake behind the hoodoos.  This lake was formed from the streams flowing through the area over a long period of time forming a deep curve.  Once the river overflows whatever can’t be held in the curve continues flowing over leaving the water the rest inside the deeper area.  



 “This here’s the wildest ride in the wilderness!”
Photo Courtesies (in order):                                                                                                                  



Friday, February 10, 2012

Race thru Alpine Passes & Ice Caverns in Matterhorn Bobsleds


(Left the real Matterhorn Mountain in the Alps and next to it is the Matterhorn Expedition built to 1/100th the scale)
Between Fantasyland and Tomorrowland sits Matterhorn Mountain.  The “plates” of these two lands converged against one another forming a Fold Mountain made of genesis.  When the plates hit they wrinkled lifting the mountain to the surface causing the folds.  The evaporation of a nearby body of water was carried to the mountain top where it was released as snow.
 
The waterfall running down the mountain side was created by a young river formed from the melting snow.  It runs over the bedrock causing erosion to happen slowly reaching downstream where it occurred rapidly.  At the edge there’s an increase of velocity increasing erosion quickly as the waterfall carves deeper into the side of the mountain.
The cave nearby was formed from water slowly seeping through the rock absorbing carbon dioxide.  When the water and carbon dioxide’s mixed it became a chemical reactant of carbonic acid.  This acids very weak and takes a long time to dissolve the rock away.  The minerals from the acid are usually re-deposited to create stalagmites or stalactites.  
Here stalagmite crystals sit on the cave’s floor where water percolated through the layers of rock dissolving minerals on the way down.  The water drips off the roof of the cave landing on the ground where it’s eventually evaporates leaving the minerals it picked up behind.  Thousands to millions of years later the minerals accumulate and the crystal are formed and continues to grow.
 
(Plaque reads: Cast of footprint discovered by Matterhorn Expedition, South Side May 27, 1978)
Proof of the Yeti’s existence sits a trace fossil of its footprint. Impressions usually fossilize quickly then are buried by minerals and fine grained sediment. Pressure from the mountain increases with the burial of more materials until the trace is preserved forming a fossil.
 Enjoy the ride!


Photo Courtesies (in order):                                                                                                                   http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geography-of-disneyland/#/matterhorn-v1_21651_600x450.jpg                  Makenna Wahl                                                                                                                http://www.flickr.com/photos/piratetinkerbell/3702807565/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/coreydorsey/5145817135/sizes/m/in/photostream/                                                                                     
Video by TheCoasterViews http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DucDBAHGahQ   


Friday, January 20, 2012

"To all that come to this happy place: Welcome.”-Walt Disney

Hello, I am Makenna Wahl.  Welcome to my blog.

The location I chose to focus on for this blog was Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California.  I will just be focusing on Disneyland instead of Disney’s California Adventure or Downtown Disney’s shops and hotels.

The reason I picked Disneyland was because I always enjoy the experiences I have when I go.  Going to Disneyland is like traveling and seeing how different the world is without ever leaving the continental US.  Even though everything is manmade there is so much detail put into it the nature aspects look real.  Disneyland has eight different “lands” within.  These lands are based on real places such as Africa, Asia, New Orleans, and the typical Main Street of the 20th Century.  Traveling back to the frontier days, and finding the “blueprints” of the future in the land of tomorrow.  Not only does it show places of then and now but places where critters cause trouble and cartoons ran their own town. 

Let the memories begin:
Photo by: Makenna Wahl
Video: Good Life by OneRepublic http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-_Y46-TvO8